Industrial facilities can benefit from scheduling corrosion protection of their carbon steel structures and equipment during seasonal slowdowns, when such projects have a minimal impact on output.
However, too often such ‘scheduling windows’ occur during periods of cold, harsh weather, when typical coatings cannot easily be applied.
“For application in low temperatures, you traditionally have to build a container or a tent around the equipment you are corrosion coating and heat it with an electric or propane heater,” said Bryan Stallings, a project manager at Sam Estes Painting Company, an industrial painting contractor based in Owensboro, KY. “Failing that, the coating won’t set and the cold weather will shock it, so it will peel off or crack.”
Fortunately, to extend the service life of industrial facilities with carbon steel assets, facility managers are turning to a new category of tough, Chemically Bonded Phosphate Ceramic (CBPC) coatings that can stop corrosion, ease application, and reduce production downtime even in below freezing temperatures.
Rapid winter corrosion protection
When an aluminium recycling plant in Kentucky recently required a lengthy conveyor belt corrosion coated in four sections, one challenge was coating it in winter weather. The conveyor belt was an integral part of the recycling plant’s process of converting aluminium scrap into reusable aluminium.
“Without heated containment, you might wait indefinitely for the right weather conditions to proceed,” said Stallings. “Some traditional coatings stop curing if it’s not 40°F or above, so that’s a big problem. For proper application, you usually have to keep coatings several degrees above dew point for hours or days.”
Another challenge involved the way traditional polymer paints and rubber type coatings have been used as physical barriers to keep corrosion promoters such as water and oxygen away from steel substrates. This works until the paint is scratched, chipped, or breached and corrosion promoters enter the gap between the substrate and coating. Then the coating can act like a greenhouse – trapping the corrosion promoters – that allows the corrosion to spread under the coating.
To address such issues, the aluminium recycling plant and Stallings turned to EonCoat, a spray-applied inorganic coating, which represents a new category of rugged CBPC with unique properties.
In contrast to traditional polymer coatings that sit on top of the substrate, the corrosion-resistant CBPC coating bonds through a chemical reaction with the substrate, and slight surface oxidation actually improves the reaction. An alloy layer is formed. This makes it impossible for corrosion promoters like oxygen and humidity to get behind the coating the way they can with ordinary paints.
Although traditional polymer coatings mechanically bond to substrates that have been extensively prepared, if gouged, moisture and oxygen will migrate under the coating’s film from all sides of the gouge.
By contrast, the same damage to the ceramic-coated substrate will not spread corrosion in industrial infrastructure because the carbon steel’s surface is turned into an alloy of stable oxides. Once the steel’s surface is stable (the way noble metals like gold and silver are stable) it will no longer react with the environment and cannot corrode.
Visible in scanning electron microscope photography, EonCoat does not leave a gap between the steel and the coating because the bond is chemical rather than mechanical. Since there is no gap, even if moisture was to get through to the steel due to a gouge, there is nowhere for the moisture to travel, which effectively stops corrosion in industrial applications.
The corrosion barrier is also covered by a ceramic layer that resists corrosion, water, impact, abrasion, and chemicals as well as fire and temperatures up to 450°C.
For such durable corrosion protection, Sam Estes Painting Company successfully sprayed EonCoat’s cold weather formulation on the aluminium recycling plant’s conveyor belt sections. This was done at a below freezing temperature.
Industrial operation managers or corrosion engineers looking to reduce costs are also finding additional advantages to CBPC coatings like EonCoat beyond corrosion resistance.
Such coatings consist of two non-hazardous components that do not interact until applied by a standard industrial plural spray system like those commonly used to apply polyurethane foam or polyurea coatings. Since CBPC coatings are inorganic and non-toxic, there are no VOCs, no HAPs and no odour. This means the water soluble, non-flammable coatings can be applied safely even in confined spaces, or when adjacent parts of a plant continue to operate.
One of the greatest benefits, however, is quick return to service that minimises facility downtime. The time saved on anti-corrosion coating projects comes both from simplified surface preparation and expedited curing time. With a typical industrial coating, near white metal blast cleaning (NACE 2 / SSPC-SP 10) is required to prepare the surface. But with the ceramic coating, only a NACE 3 / SSPC-SP 6 commercial blast cleaning is typically necessary.
With traditional coatings, extensive surface preparation is required and done a little at a time to avoid surface oxidation, commonly known as ‘flash rust’, which can require re-blasting.
However, with the CBPC coating, the flash rust is no issue. The reason for this unique CBPC characteristic is due to the presence of iron in the rust, which helps to create the magnesium iron phosphate alloy layer. It is this alloy layer that allows CBPCs to so effectively protect carbon steel from corrosion.
“The preparation was easy,” said Stallings. “We were able to blast it once and leave the tightly adhered rust in place. It rained once, but we didn’t have to re-blast it so it helped quite a bit.”
For traditional ‘three-part system’ coatings utilising polyurethanes or epoxies, the cure time may also be days or weeks before the next coat can be applied, depending on the product.
In contrast, a corrosion resistant coating for carbon steel, utilising the ceramic coating in a single coat, requires almost no curing time.
Stallings was able to spray the aluminium plant conveyor sections with a 331 tip to the recommended thickness in a single application with no runs. A half hour after application, the coating was hard enough to move the conveyor sections back into place.
